Background & Current Status
Here are the background information of one-child policy and current status of the Chinese society under the policy.
History and background
During 1950s, birth rate was felling from 37 to 20 per thousand in while the life expectancy was increasing. Therefore, until the 1960s, the government encouraged couples to give birth to more children because of Mao;s belief that population growth empowered the country. The population grew from around 540 milion in 1949 to 940 milion in 1976. The furure population growth proved overwhelming and the one child policy was announced by Chinese leaders and mandated nationwide in 1979.
In order to address overpopulation, the one-child policy was introduced to promote one-child families and forbids couples from having more than one child in urban areas. Parents with multiple children are not given the same benefits as parents of one child.
It is also refered to the “later-longer-fewer” policy, which means later marriage, longer birth interval, fewer births. The number of birth has dropped from 5.8 children per woman in 1970 to 2.7 in 1979 In 1984and in 1986. There were some major policy readjustments retreated from the “one-size-fits-all” approach and diversified the policy
Current status
The limit has been strongly enforced in urban areas, but the actual implementation varies from location to location.As of 2007, 35.9% of the population were subject to a strict one-child limit. 52.9% were permitted to have a second child if their first was a daughter; 9.6% of Chinese couples were permitted two children regardless of their genders; and 1.6% - mainly Tibetans - had no limit at all.
After the introduction of the one-child policy, the fertility rate in China fell from more than five births per woman in the early to 1.61births per woman in 2009.
Although the one-child policy has effectively reduced the birth rate and population in China, it has brought some serous social and economic consequences to China.
The effects of one-child policy would be explained further in the Effects part.
During 1950s, birth rate was felling from 37 to 20 per thousand in while the life expectancy was increasing. Therefore, until the 1960s, the government encouraged couples to give birth to more children because of Mao;s belief that population growth empowered the country. The population grew from around 540 milion in 1949 to 940 milion in 1976. The furure population growth proved overwhelming and the one child policy was announced by Chinese leaders and mandated nationwide in 1979.
In order to address overpopulation, the one-child policy was introduced to promote one-child families and forbids couples from having more than one child in urban areas. Parents with multiple children are not given the same benefits as parents of one child.
It is also refered to the “later-longer-fewer” policy, which means later marriage, longer birth interval, fewer births. The number of birth has dropped from 5.8 children per woman in 1970 to 2.7 in 1979 In 1984and in 1986. There were some major policy readjustments retreated from the “one-size-fits-all” approach and diversified the policy
Current status
The limit has been strongly enforced in urban areas, but the actual implementation varies from location to location.As of 2007, 35.9% of the population were subject to a strict one-child limit. 52.9% were permitted to have a second child if their first was a daughter; 9.6% of Chinese couples were permitted two children regardless of their genders; and 1.6% - mainly Tibetans - had no limit at all.
After the introduction of the one-child policy, the fertility rate in China fell from more than five births per woman in the early to 1.61births per woman in 2009.
Although the one-child policy has effectively reduced the birth rate and population in China, it has brought some serous social and economic consequences to China.
The effects of one-child policy would be explained further in the Effects part.